Embedded System Paranoia: a tool for testing embedded system arithmetic

A new version of the well-known program paranoia has been introduced specifically for testing the arithmetic of embedded control systems. Embedded systems have become enormously complicated and widespread in most if not all consumer devices today so there is a clear need to measure the quality of the arithmetic. This paper describes the development of ESP (Embedded System Paranoia) and gives example outputs and free download sites. The example outputs indicate that even in the 21st century, the quality of arithmetic implementations cannot be taken for granted.